Essential Trucking Regulations Every Driver Should Know

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Trucking is an important industry that keeps the economy running by ensuring goods reach businesses and consumers. However, operating a commercial truck comes with significant responsibilities, as drivers must adhere to strict regulations for safety and compliance.

For drivers, understanding these regulations is essential, especially if faced with situations where they need to maximize compensation through a fair settlement in the aftermath of an accident.

In recent years, according to the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA), large trucks were involved in over 4,800 fatal crashes in the U.S. Furthermore, a significant percentage of these accidents were linked to driver fatigue, mechanical failures, or other preventable issues. This statistic highlights the importance of strict trucking regulations.

Here are some trucking regulations drivers in the U.S. must comply with.

1. Hours of Service (HOS) Regulations

The FMCSA enforces Hours of Service (HOS) rules to combat driver fatigue. These regulations limit how long drivers can be on the road before taking mandatory breaks.

  • Driving Time: Drivers are allowed a maximum of 11 hours of driving after 10 consecutive hours off duty.
  • 14-Hour Limit: Drivers must not exceed 14 hours on duty in a single workday.
  • Rest Breaks: You must take a 30-minute break after driving for eight consecutive hours.

Drivers must log their hours accurately using electronic logging devices (ELDs) to remain compliant and avoid penalties.

2. Headlight and Windshield Wipers Law

Driving a large vehicle like a truck requires optimal visibility at all times. Many states mandate the use of headlights whenever windshield wipers are in operation. This law ensures that trucks remain visible to other road users during poor weather conditions, such as rain or fog. Failing to adhere to this regulation can lead to penalties and increase the likelihood of accidents due to reduced visibility. 

3. Distracted Driving Law

Distracted driving remains one of the primary causes of road accidents, particularly among large vehicles like trucks. Federal regulations strictly prohibit truck drivers from engaging in distracting activities, such as texting or using hand-held mobile devices while driving.

The penalties for non-compliance are severe. Drivers caught texting while operating a commercial vehicle can face fines as high as $2,750. To minimize distractions, truck drivers are encouraged to use hands-free devices for communication and avoid any activity that takes their attention off the road.

4. Truck Speed Limits

Speed limits for trucks often differ from passenger vehicles, as large trucks require more time and distance to come to a complete stop. Many states impose lower speed limits for trucks to reduce the risk of accidents caused by excessive speed. Understanding and adhering to state-specific speed limits is essential for safety and compliance, helping to prevent avoidable accidents.

5. Weight and Size Limits

Overloaded trucks pose risks to both the driver and public infrastructure. Weigh stations help enforce these rules to ensure road safety and minimize damage to infrastructure. Truck drivers must verify their load weights and dimensions before starting a trip, especially long hauls. Federal laws set the following weight and size limits:

  • Gross Vehicle Weight: Trucks must not exceed 80,000 pounds.
  • Axle Limits: The regulations limit single axles to 20,000 pounds and cap tandem axles at 34,000 pounds.
  • Size Restrictions: Trucks must comply with state regulations on height, width, and length.

Conclusion

Trucking regulations are more than just rules; they protect lives, cargo, and infrastructure. Drivers who take the time to understand and comply with these regulations contribute to a safer road environment for all users.

Truck drivers can prevent accidents and maintain a positive safety record by adhering to these regulations. Moreover, understanding these laws empowers drivers to protect their rights if accidents or disputes arise.

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