{"id":75347,"date":"2021-01-04T13:14:46","date_gmt":"2021-01-04T20:14:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/barrazacarlos.com\/quest-ce-que-lentrepreneuriat\/"},"modified":"2021-05-26T13:06:41","modified_gmt":"2021-05-26T20:06:41","slug":"quest-ce-que-lentrepreneuriat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/barrazacarlos.com\/fr\/quest-ce-que-lentrepreneuriat\/","title":{"rendered":"&#x1f680; Qu&rsquo;est-ce que l&rsquo;esprit d&rsquo;entreprise ?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"75347\" class=\"elementor elementor-75347 elementor-29270\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c71df88 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c71df88\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-110ac76\" data-id=\"110ac76\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-367e5c4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"367e5c4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Qu'est-ce que l'esprit d'entreprise ?<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-85176c9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"85176c9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3dfdba90\" data-id=\"3dfdba90\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-95d5cf0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"95d5cf0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00c9crit par<\/span>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f8b186f elementor-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-post-info\" data-id=\"5f8b186f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"post-info.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-inline-items elementor-icon-list-items elementor-post-info\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-ef43aea elementor-inline-item\" itemprop=\"author\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-author\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCarlos Barraza\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-476dca5 elementor-inline-item\" itemprop=\"datePublished\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<time>janvier 4, 2021<\/time>\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item elementor-repeater-item-6cd9597 elementor-inline-item\" itemprop=\"about\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text elementor-post-info__item elementor-post-info__item--type-terms\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-post-info__terms-list\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/barrazacarlos.com\/fr\/category\/entrepreneuriat\/ecosysteme-entrepreneurial\/\" class=\"elementor-post-info__terms-list-item\">Ecosyst\u00e8me entrepreneurial<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/barrazacarlos.com\/fr\/category\/entrepreneuriat\/\" class=\"elementor-post-info__terms-list-item\">Entrepreneuriat<\/a>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f8386a elementor-widget elementor-widget-wpml-language-switcher\" data-id=\"2f8386a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wpml-language-switcher.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpml-elementor-ls\"><p class=\"wpml-ls-statics-post_translations wpml-ls\">This post is also available in: \n<span role=\"navigation\">\n\t<span class=\"wpml-ls-slot-post_translations wpml-ls-item wpml-ls-item-en wpml-ls-first-item wpml-ls-item-legacy-post-translations\"><a href=\"https:\/\/barrazacarlos.com\/\" hreflang=\"en\" lang=\"en\" class=\"wpml-ls-link\" aria-label=\"Passer \u00e0 English\" title=\"Passer \u00e0 English\"><span 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data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-72921b19\" data-id=\"72921b19\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6947d0d3 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"6947d0d3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;,&quot;h4&quot;],&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;numbers&quot;,&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;Aucun titre n\\u2019a \\u00e9t\\u00e9 trouv\\u00e9 sur cette 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9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__6947d0d3\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6d128c77\" data-id=\"6d128c77\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c265208 elementor-shape-circle elementor-grid-0 e-grid-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-social-icons\" data-id=\"2c265208\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"social-icons.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-social-icons-wrapper elementor-grid\" role=\"list\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-facebook-f elementor-animation-grow elementor-repeater-item-d83c257\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/cbarrazalopez\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Facebook-f<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fab-facebook-f\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path 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23.65 24.787 41.5 48.284 47.821C117.22 448 288 448 288 448s170.78 0 213.371-11.486c23.497-6.321 42.003-24.171 48.284-47.821 11.412-42.867 11.412-132.305 11.412-132.305s0-89.438-11.412-132.305zm-317.51 213.508V175.185l142.739 81.205-142.739 81.201z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-instagram elementor-animation-grow elementor-repeater-item-d12495d\" href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/carlosbarrazal\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Instagram<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fab-instagram\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.1 141c-63.6 0-114.9 51.3-114.9 114.9s51.3 114.9 114.9 114.9S339 319.5 339 255.9 287.7 141 224.1 141zm0 189.6c-41.1 0-74.7-33.5-74.7-74.7s33.5-74.7 74.7-74.7 74.7 33.5 74.7 74.7-33.6 74.7-74.7 74.7zm146.4-194.3c0 14.9-12 26.8-26.8 26.8-14.9 0-26.8-12-26.8-26.8s12-26.8 26.8-26.8 26.8 12 26.8 26.8zm76.1 27.2c-1.7-35.9-9.9-67.7-36.2-93.9-26.2-26.2-58-34.4-93.9-36.2-37-2.1-147.9-2.1-184.9 0-35.8 1.7-67.6 9.9-93.9 36.1s-34.4 58-36.2 93.9c-2.1 37-2.1 147.9 0 184.9 1.7 35.9 9.9 67.7 36.2 93.9s58 34.4 93.9 36.2c37 2.1 147.9 2.1 184.9 0 35.9-1.7 67.7-9.9 93.9-36.2 26.2-26.2 34.4-58 36.2-93.9 2.1-37 2.1-147.8 0-184.8zM398.8 388c-7.8 19.6-22.9 34.7-42.6 42.6-29.5 11.7-99.5 9-132.1 9s-102.7 2.6-132.1-9c-19.6-7.8-34.7-22.9-42.6-42.6-11.7-29.5-9-99.5-9-132.1s-2.6-102.7 9-132.1c7.8-19.6 22.9-34.7 42.6-42.6 29.5-11.7 99.5-9 132.1-9s102.7-2.6 132.1 9c19.6 7.8 34.7 22.9 42.6 42.6 11.7 29.5 9 99.5 9 132.1s2.7 102.7-9 132.1z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-grid-item\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-linkedin elementor-animation-grow elementor-repeater-item-8372d25\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/barrazacarlos\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Linkedin<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fab-linkedin\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 32H31.9C14.3 32 0 46.5 0 64.3v383.4C0 465.5 14.3 480 31.9 480H416c17.6 0 32-14.5 32-32.3V64.3c0-17.8-14.4-32.3-32-32.3zM135.4 416H69V202.2h66.5V416zm-33.2-243c-21.3 0-38.5-17.3-38.5-38.5S80.9 96 102.2 96c21.2 0 38.5 17.3 38.5 38.5 0 21.3-17.2 38.5-38.5 38.5zm282.1 243h-66.4V312c0-24.8-.5-56.7-34.5-56.7-34.6 0-39.9 27-39.9 54.9V416h-66.4V202.2h63.7v29.2h.9c8.9-16.8 30.6-34.5 62.9-34.5 67.2 0 79.7 44.3 79.7 101.9V416z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d854f45 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d854f45\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-75927e6\" data-id=\"75927e6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c93f386 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"c93f386\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3bdc93f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3bdc93f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8815157\" data-id=\"8815157\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-effffab elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"effffab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">D\u00e9finition de l'esprit d'entreprise<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-1206980 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1206980\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2595260\" data-id=\"2595260\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7a7d7a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b7a7d7a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"t m0 x0 h2 y4c ff6 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\">En traduisant le terme \u00ab\u00a0entrepreneur\u00a0\u00bb du fran\u00e7ais, il signifie en fait \u00ab\u00a0go<span class=\"ff2 ws4\">&#8211;<\/span>entre\u00a0\u00bb et il a \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9 <span class=\"ff2\">depuis le .<\/span> <\/div>\n<div class=\"t m0 x0 h2 y4d ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws4\">12<span class=\"fs3 ls5 ws5 v2\">th<\/span><span class=\"ws0\">  Si\u00e8cle. (Pahuja &amp; ; Sanjeev, 2015)<\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<div> <\/div>\n<div class=\"t m0 x0 h2 y6c ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\">Des si\u00e8cles plus tard, au milieu du XXe si\u00e8cle, Joseph A. Schumpeter a \u00e9t\u00e9 le premier \u00e9conomiste \u00e0 se concentrer sur le r\u00f4le de l&rsquo;esprit d&rsquo;entreprise dans <span style=\"font-size: 17px;\">le d\u00e9veloppement \u00e9conomique par l&rsquo;innovation. En 1972, l&rsquo;\u00e9conomiste a d\u00e9crit l&rsquo;esprit d&rsquo;entreprise comme \u00e9tant l&rsquo;ensemble des activit\u00e9s d&rsquo;un entrepreneur.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"t m0 x0 h2 y6c ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls1 ws0\"><span class=\"ff6\" style=\"font-size: 17px;\"> <\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-6ca478b\" data-id=\"6ca478b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-22cd001 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"22cd001\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/v75pnWJBJP8&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bd91719 elementor-blockquote--skin-border elementor-widget elementor-widget-blockquote\" data-id=\"bd91719\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"blockquote.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<blockquote class=\"elementor-blockquote\">\n\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-blockquote__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\"La fonction de l'entrepreneur est de r\u00e9former ou de r\u00e9volutionner le mod\u00e8le de production en exploitant une invention ou,\nplus g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement, une m\u00e9thode technologique non \u00e9prouv\u00e9e de production d'un nouveau produit ou de production d'un ancien produit\nd'une nouvelle mani\u00e8re, en ouvrant une nouvelle source d'approvisionnement en mat\u00e9riaux ou un nouveau d\u00e9bouch\u00e9 pour les produits, en organisant une\nnouvelle industrie\". \t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-q-footer\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<cite class=\"elementor-blockquote__author\">Schumpeter<\/cite>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/blockquote>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-df3d7af elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"df3d7af\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ce8a3a7\" data-id=\"ce8a3a7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e5e8e3 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"0e5e8e3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d4b9fca elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d4b9fca\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f6c1efb\" data-id=\"f6c1efb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bd03a53 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bd03a53\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">R\u00f4le de l'esprit d'entreprise<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8812898 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8812898\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dans l&rsquo;\u00e9conomie actuelle, qui est une \u00e9conomie capitaliste dynamique, l&rsquo;esprit d&rsquo;entreprise joue un r\u00f4le important. L&rsquo;esprit d&rsquo;entreprise cr\u00e9e et d\u00e9veloppe diff\u00e9rents aspects dans les pays. Elle g\u00e9n\u00e8re de nouvelles capacit\u00e9s de production, de nouveaux processus et de nouveaux biens, encourage l&rsquo;innovation et favorise la cr\u00e9ation d&#8217;emplois, la croissance et le d\u00e9veloppement (Solimano, 2014). L&rsquo;esprit d&rsquo;entreprise ne peut se faire que gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des personnes dont les id\u00e9es ont \u00e9t\u00e9 saisies pour saisir une opportunit\u00e9 qui se pr\u00e9sente sur le march\u00e9 afin de g\u00e9n\u00e9rer de la valeur et du bien-\u00eatre pour la soci\u00e9t\u00e9. Les entrepreneurs entreprennent des activit\u00e9s nouvelles ou existantes d&rsquo;une mani\u00e8re plus efficace, ce qui permet de voir ce qui est n\u00e9cessaire et ce qui manque. Ils prennent donc le risque de r\u00e9aliser leur vision. Les entrepreneurs recherchent les ressources n\u00e9cessaires, font face aux obstacles qui peuvent se pr\u00e9senter et assument leur responsabilit\u00e9. Le r\u00f4le que les entrepreneurs ont jou\u00e9 dans la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 a \u00e9t\u00e9 historiquement parce qu&rsquo;ils ont pris les devants, ont r\u00e9solu les probl\u00e8mes avec leurs comp\u00e9tences et que leur volont\u00e9 de changement a apport\u00e9 diff\u00e9rents types d&rsquo;innovations \u00e9conomiques et sociales. Le r\u00e9sultat direct de leurs actions est associ\u00e9 comme une entreprise commerciale dans un secteur priv\u00e9, mais l&rsquo;entrepreneuriat a \u00e9t\u00e9 le moteur du d\u00e9veloppement social, gouvernemental et culturel au fil du temps (OIT &amp; UNESCO, 2006).<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-adadbee elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"adadbee\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8d67c65\" data-id=\"8d67c65\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a82dbf1 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"a82dbf1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f14ae53 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f14ae53\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2a9c8f8\" data-id=\"2a9c8f8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e46cd07 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e46cd07\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Impact de l'esprit d'entreprise<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-74bceb7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"74bceb7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>L&rsquo;esprit d&rsquo;entreprise a un impact sur l&rsquo;\u00e9conomie nationale de diff\u00e9rentes mani\u00e8res, diff\u00e9rentes \u00e9tudes confirmant qu&rsquo;il existe une relation directe entre les deux. Selon Cuervo et al. (2007 cit\u00e9 dans S\u00e1nchez &amp; Mart\u00ednez, 2017), l&rsquo;impact de l&rsquo;esprit d&rsquo;entreprise peut se manifester sous diff\u00e9rentes formes telles que l&rsquo;identification et l&rsquo;exploitation d&rsquo;opportunit\u00e9s commerciales, la cr\u00e9ation de nouvelles entreprises et le renouvellement des entreprises existantes pour les rendre plus dynamiques, et le progr\u00e8s \u00e9conomique qui se produit gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l&rsquo;innovation, la comp\u00e9titivit\u00e9, la cr\u00e9ation d&#8217;emplois et la richesse de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3618754\" data-id=\"3618754\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-847c7d8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"847c7d8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" src=\"https:\/\/barrazacarlos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/successful-team-leader-and-business-owner-leading-informal-in-house-business-meeting-1024x682.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-75352\" alt=\"Un chef d&amp;apos;\u00e9quipe et un chef d&amp;apos;entreprise r\u00e9ussissent \u00e0 diriger une r\u00e9union d&amp;apos;affaires interne informelle\" srcset=\"https:\/\/barrazacarlos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/successful-team-leader-and-business-owner-leading-informal-in-house-business-meeting-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/barrazacarlos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/successful-team-leader-and-business-owner-leading-informal-in-house-business-meeting-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/barrazacarlos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/successful-team-leader-and-business-owner-leading-informal-in-house-business-meeting-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/barrazacarlos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/successful-team-leader-and-business-owner-leading-informal-in-house-business-meeting-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/barrazacarlos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/successful-team-leader-and-business-owner-leading-informal-in-house-business-meeting.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" title=\"\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-775ec82 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"775ec82\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-343e02b\" data-id=\"343e02b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a86b03 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"5a86b03\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-74797f3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"74797f3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0525b38\" data-id=\"0525b38\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31ee928 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31ee928\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Importance de l'esprit d'entreprise<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37eb940 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"37eb940\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les pays d\u00e9veloppent leurs \u00e9conomies gr\u00e2ce au travail des entrepreneurs. Ils soutiennent et am\u00e9liorent l&rsquo;\u00e9conomie du pays et la vie des gens en cr\u00e9ant plus d&#8217;emplois, en trouvant des solutions aux probl\u00e8mes de soci\u00e9t\u00e9 avec leurs produits et services, en d\u00e9veloppant de nouvelles technologies qui am\u00e9liorent la performance, l&rsquo;efficacit\u00e9 et l&rsquo;efficience, et ils repr\u00e9sentent un \u00e9change d&rsquo;id\u00e9es \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle mondiale. Les conditions qui aident les entrepreneurs \u00e0 entreprendre, soutiennent \u00e9galement les \u00e9conomies dans leur ensemble, o\u00f9 si les conditions ad\u00e9quates pour l&rsquo;entreprenariat sont donn\u00e9es, alors les entrepreneurs peuvent produire de meilleurs r\u00e9sultats (\u00c1cs, et al., 2018). <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-76851ce\" data-id=\"76851ce\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c7faeb elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1c7faeb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.barrazacarlos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/bg2-2.jpg\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\">\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b548a6d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b548a6d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f56ab5d\" data-id=\"f56ab5d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcbb13f elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"bcbb13f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ea64e44 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ea64e44\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-273babf9\" data-id=\"273babf9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ae068f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5ae068f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Comment am\u00e9liorer l'\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me entrepreneurial<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e66b484 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e66b484\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;\">Afin d&rsquo;am\u00e9liorer l&rsquo;\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me entrepreneurial, les politiques gouvernementales doivent se concentrer et se fixer comme objectif de g\u00e9n\u00e9rer des entreprises \u00e0 forte croissance, mais ce faisant, il faut cultiver un \u00e9cosyst\u00e8me qui r\u00e9pond aux besoins des entrepreneurs ambitieux (Mason &amp; Brown, 2014). L&rsquo;environnement des entreprises dans un pays est \u00e9tabli gr\u00e2ce aux d\u00e9terminants de la <\/span><a style=\"font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; background-color: #ffffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.barrazacarlos.com\/entrepreneurial-ecosystem\/\">entrepreneurial ecosystem<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 17px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400;\">. Si l&rsquo;\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me est fort, alors il soutiendra les entreprises, les difficult\u00e9s des entrepreneurs seront r\u00e9duites, la cr\u00e9ation d&#8217;emplois sera favoris\u00e9e, le transfert de connaissances pourra \u00eatre \u00e0 la port\u00e9e de ses acteurs et il sera stimul\u00e9 la croissance pour le succ\u00e8s des entreprises. En revanche, si elle est faible, les risques de cr\u00e9ation d&rsquo;entreprise augmentent, la formalit\u00e9 des emplois est menac\u00e9e, et le gouvernement verra une limitation de la collecte des imp\u00f4ts, ce qui aura pour cons\u00e9quence de ralentir le potentiel de croissance de l&rsquo;\u00e9conomie. (Observatorio Nacional del Emprendedor, 2015)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Le d\u00e9veloppement de l&rsquo;\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me entrepreneurial doit se concentrer sur l&rsquo;individualisation des travaux d&rsquo;am\u00e9lioration en fonction de ses atouts entrepreneuriaux r\u00e9gionaux. La personnalisation et la collaboration en mati\u00e8re de soutien aux entreprises sont n\u00e9cessaires pour favoriser les liens entrepreneuriaux qui sont requis entre les grandes entreprises, les institutions de financement et les organisations au sein des \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes. Les entreprises qui participent avec plus de succ\u00e8s au d\u00e9veloppement de l&rsquo;\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me sont celles qui ont un si\u00e8ge local, par rapport aux autres grandes entreprises qui peuvent \u00eatre des multinationales \u00e9tablies au m\u00eame endroit. L&rsquo;engagement des dirigeants et des actionnaires de l&rsquo;entreprise sera plus fort pour contribuer localement que ces cadres sup\u00e9rieurs (Mason &amp; Brown, 2014).<\/p>\n<p>Les acteurs qui sont les plus actifs au sein des \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes entrepreneuriaux s&rsquo;engageront dans diff\u00e9rentes activit\u00e9s. Certaines de leurs t\u00e2ches consistent \u00e0 faire partie de groupes qui cr\u00e9ent une nouvelle entreprise, \u00e0 investir et conseiller dans de nouvelles entreprises, \u00e0 encadrer d&rsquo;autres entrepreneurs et \u00e0 transf\u00e9rer des connaissances en enseignant dans l&rsquo;ensemble<a href=\"https:\/\/www.barrazacarlos.com\/entrepreneurial-process-stages\/\"> processus entrepreneurial<\/a>. Ainsi que l&rsquo;achat des biens ou services offerts par les nouvelles entreprises, l&rsquo;offre de services juridiques, comptables ou de marketing aux nouveaux entrepreneurs et le travail dans une grande entreprise dans le cadre de leurs activit\u00e9s d&rsquo;innovation (Auerswald, 2015).<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-98ffdec elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"98ffdec\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b055fb9\" data-id=\"b055fb9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b3aab4 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"8b3aab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-21e2816 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"21e2816\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c926cfd\" data-id=\"c926cfd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c1f5545 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c1f5545\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Focus sur le d\u00e9veloppement de l'\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me entrepreneurial local et r\u00e9gional<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6bd66ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6bd66ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px;\">Stam et Spigel (2016) soulignent que les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes entrepreneuriaux doivent \u00eatre conscients de l&rsquo;environnement local pour le favoriser. Les principes cl\u00e9s qui sont mentionn\u00e9s sont qu&rsquo;il faut cesser d&rsquo;essayer d&rsquo;\u00eatre la Silicon Valley ; l&rsquo;\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me doit \u00eatre fa\u00e7onn\u00e9 en fonction des conditions locales ; le secteur priv\u00e9 doit \u00eatre impliqu\u00e9 d\u00e8s le d\u00e9but ; les nouvelles entreprises doivent cr\u00e9er leurs bases correctement. En outre, les clusters ne doivent pas \u00eatre surdimensionn\u00e9s et doivent se d\u00e9velopper de mani\u00e8re organique ; l&rsquo;ambition des entrepreneurs doit \u00eatre renforc\u00e9e ; les entreprises \u00e0 forte croissance doivent \u00e9voluer dans un environnement favorable ; l&rsquo;\u00e9tat d&rsquo;esprit doit \u00eatre \u00e9branl\u00e9 en vue <\/span><a style=\"font-size: 17px; background-color: #ffffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.barrazacarlos.com\/entrepreneurial-culture\/\">culture d&rsquo;entreprise<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 17px;\"> ; et pour de meilleures conditions commerciales, il faudrait des r\u00e9formes juridiques, bureaucratiques et r\u00e9glementaires.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes entrepreneuriaux cr\u00e9ent un r\u00e9servoir d&#8217;employ\u00e9s qui travaillent dans diff\u00e9rents secteurs et ont des comp\u00e9tences diff\u00e9rentes. Sur les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes entrepreneuriaux d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s, on peut trouver diff\u00e9rents profils d&#8217;employ\u00e9s qui vont des travailleurs techniques \u00e0 ceux orient\u00e9s vers les affaires. Les universit\u00e9s sont la pierre angulaire du d\u00e9veloppement de nouveaux talents qui peuvent \u00eatre utilis\u00e9s soit pour travailler dans des start-ups, soit pour commencer \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper de nouvelles entreprises. Il est \u00e9galement essentiel d&rsquo;am\u00e9liorer le capital financier, ce qui peut se faire avec le soutien d&rsquo;une communaut\u00e9 form\u00e9e d&rsquo;investisseurs providentiels, de capital d&rsquo;amor\u00e7age, de capital-risqueurs, qui facilitent l&rsquo;acc\u00e8s au financement par rapport aux environnements traditionnels. Mais pour avoir un \u00e9cosyst\u00e8me entrepreneurial r\u00e9ussi et am\u00e9lior\u00e9, il est n\u00e9cessaire d&rsquo;avoir des entrepreneurs qui sont des leaders forts et qui s&rsquo;engagent \u00e0 transformer leur r\u00e9gion en un endroit meilleur afin qu&rsquo;ils puissent d\u00e9marrer et d\u00e9velopper leurs entreprises. Un \u00e9cosyst\u00e8me entrepreneurial am\u00e9lior\u00e9 doit avoir des mentors et des conseillers qui travaillent en pro du partage de leurs connaissances, ainsi que la participation int\u00e9gr\u00e9e des acc\u00e9l\u00e9rateurs et des incubateurs qui stimulent l&rsquo;esprit d&rsquo;entreprise. Les besoins des entrepreneurs peuvent \u00e9galement \u00eatre constat\u00e9s dans la recherche de services professionnels, donc dans les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes entrepreneuriaux sont facilit\u00e9s ces sp\u00e9cialisations par des acteurs professionnels qui font \u00e9galement partie de l&rsquo;environnement. La coop\u00e9ration entre les grandes entreprises et les entreprises \u00e0 forte croissance, ainsi que le soutien des pouvoirs publics, permettent de comprendre comment les jeunes pousses g\u00e9n\u00e8rent la croissance \u00e9conomique. Si la communaut\u00e9 a une bonne connexion entre eux, alors il sera optimal de maintenir l&rsquo;engagement entre eux, surtout si chacun est pr\u00eat \u00e0 donner en retour \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me (Stam &amp; Spigel, 2016).<span style=\"font-size: 17px;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fc71b6e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"fc71b6e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-da56e5f\" data-id=\"da56e5f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-381d985 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"381d985\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-98dfb92 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"98dfb92\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-be148f1\" data-id=\"be148f1\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9066e56 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9066e56\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">La technologie et l'\u00e9ducation, des atouts importants pour l'esprit d'entreprise.<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d3115bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d3115bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px;\">Le soutien \u00e0 l&rsquo;entrepreneuriat dans l&rsquo;\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me int\u00e8gre un large \u00e9ventail de services disponibles pour les entrepreneurs et les hommes d&rsquo;affaires. L&rsquo;environnement des entreprises est en train de changer en raison des progr\u00e8s technologiques. Cela a donn\u00e9 aux entreprises la possibilit\u00e9 de se d\u00e9velopper. Les nouvelles technologies complexes ont fait que les entreprises ont besoin de nouveaux services de soutien dans lesquels elles ne sont pas sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es. Les services de soutien am\u00e9liorent l&rsquo;\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me en apportant diff\u00e9rentes solutions. Certaines de ces solutions sont la facilit\u00e9 d&rsquo;acc\u00e8s aux march\u00e9s, l&rsquo;am\u00e9lioration des ressources \u00e0 faible co\u00fbt et de haute qualit\u00e9, l&rsquo;introduction de nouvelles technologies et de nouveaux produits, l&rsquo;augmentation des capacit\u00e9s techniques et de gestion, l&rsquo;assouplissement des restrictions des politiques publiques et le soutien \u00e0 des m\u00e9thodes de financement appropri\u00e9es (Observatorio Nacional del Emprendedor, 2015).<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Il existe diff\u00e9rents types d&rsquo;actions qui contribuent \u00e0 am\u00e9liorer l&rsquo;\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me entrepreneurial, comme le d\u00e9veloppement de l&rsquo;\u00e9ducation, l&rsquo;assistance technique, les r\u00e9seaux et le financement (Kantis, et al., 2014). Les comp\u00e9tences entrepreneuriales peuvent \u00eatre d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es par l&rsquo;\u00e9ducation. Les comp\u00e9tences requises pour les entrepreneurs devraient commencer d\u00e8s le plus jeune \u00e2ge des individus, de mani\u00e8re \u00e0 r\u00e9duire les d\u00e9savantages que le syst\u00e8me \u00e9ducatif d&rsquo;une nation pourrait apporter au d\u00e9but de la carri\u00e8re d&rsquo;un entrepreneur. Au niveau universitaire, dans les institutions publiques, des r\u00e9formes gouvernementales sont n\u00e9cessaires pour promouvoir les changements n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 la cr\u00e9ation de programmes pr\u00e9vus pour le d\u00e9veloppement de nouveaux entrepreneurs (Kantis, et al., 2014).<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a1ca206 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a1ca206\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-67fcab4\" data-id=\"67fcab4\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e0c537 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"7e0c537\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c402cd3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c402cd3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5ee1e29\" data-id=\"5ee1e29\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-adfe926 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"adfe926\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">La participation du gouvernement pour stimuler les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes entrepreneuriaux<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b428608 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b428608\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px;\">Les plateformes institutionnelles peuvent servir de base pour soutenir de nouveaux projets d&rsquo;entreprise. Certains entrepreneurs pourraient avoir acc\u00e8s \u00e0 de meilleures ressources que d&rsquo;autres, c&rsquo;est pourquoi les plateformes techniques publiques pourraient monter la barre et \u00e9quilibrer les r\u00e8gles du jeu pour ceux qui ne le peuvent pas. De cette fa\u00e7on, les entrepreneurs qui pourraient \u00eatre d\u00e9savantag\u00e9s par rapport \u00e0 leurs concurrents, pourraient maintenant b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier d&rsquo;une compensation (Kantis, et al., 2014). Un autre aspect important pour nourrir l&rsquo;\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me, et qui est essentiel pour continuer \u00e0 favoriser leur d\u00e9veloppement entrepreneurial, est le recours aux r\u00e9seaux. Les entrepreneurs doivent cr\u00e9er des r\u00e9seaux qui les conduisent \u00e0 des contacts mondiaux et \u00e0 des relations plus \u00e9troites avec d&rsquo;autres propri\u00e9taires d&rsquo;entreprises et les dirigeants de grandes entreprises. Ils peuvent ainsi cr\u00e9er des entreprises nouvelles et dynamiques (Kantis, et al., 2014). L&rsquo;acc\u00e8s aux ressources financi\u00e8res est l&rsquo;une des limites auxquelles les entrepreneurs sont confront\u00e9s \u00e0 un stade pr\u00e9coce. Lorsque les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes entrepreneuriaux am\u00e9liorent leurs m\u00e9thodes de financement, ils ont la possibilit\u00e9 de cr\u00e9er de nouvelles entreprises et de les faire cro\u00eetre. L&rsquo;\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me entrepreneurial qui facilite la connexion du financement \u00e0 celui qui en a besoin, il montre une meilleure fluidit\u00e9 des m\u00e9canismes financiers \u00e0 financer (Kantis, et al., 2014). L&rsquo;intervention du gouvernement dans l&rsquo;\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me entrepreneurial doit se faire en tant que mod\u00e9rateur et non comme un participant actif. L&#8217;emploi public peut avoir un r\u00e9sultat positif ou n\u00e9gatif chez les entrepreneurs. Lorsque le nombre d&#8217;employ\u00e9s publics est augment\u00e9, \u00e0 long terme, ces employ\u00e9s soutiennent que les biens publics sont fournis, que la coordination contribue \u00e0 r\u00e9duire les d\u00e9faillances, que le march\u00e9 fonctionne dans des conditions \u00e9quitables o\u00f9 la comp\u00e9titivit\u00e9 des march\u00e9s est favoris\u00e9e. L&rsquo;augmentation de l&#8217;emploi public peut \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme un facteur de formalisme chez les entrepreneurs, si les conditions des proc\u00e9dures d&rsquo;enregistrement sont simplifi\u00e9es. En revanche, lorsque les imp\u00f4ts sont \u00e9lev\u00e9s pour couvrir la masse salariale de l&#8217;emploi public, de nouvelles entreprises seraient pouss\u00e9es \u00e0 op\u00e9rer dans le secteur informel (Anchorena &amp; Ronconi, 2014)<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 78\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 78\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 75\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\"> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5f8577f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5f8577f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2ca4628\" data-id=\"2ca4628\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-507f284 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"507f284\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5da182c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5da182c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-20681e2\" data-id=\"20681e2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a0d8d9b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a0d8d9b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">R\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a19875 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2a19875\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-size: 17px;\">Anchorena, J. &amp; ; Ronconi, L., 2014. <\/span><a style=\"font-size: 17px; background-color: #ffffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/publications.iadb.org\/handle\/11319\/4054\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Entrepreneuriat, valeurs entrepreneuriales et politiques publiques en Argentine<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 17px;\">. Dans : L&rsquo;esprit d&rsquo;entreprise en Am\u00e9rique latine. Washington : Banque interam\u00e9ricaine de d\u00e9veloppement.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 78\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 75\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p>Auerswald, P., 2015. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kauffman.org\/-\/media\/kauffman_org\/research-reports-and-covers\/2015\/10\/enabling_entrepreneurial_ecosystems.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ecosyst\u00e8mes d&rsquo;entreprise habilitants<\/a>. s.l. : Fondation Kauffman.<\/p>\n<p>OIT &amp; ; UNESCO, 2006. <em><a href=\"https:\/\/unesdoc.unesco.org\/ark:\/48223\/pf0000147057\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Vers une culture entrepreneuriale pour le XXIe si\u00e8cle<\/a>, <\/em>s.l. : Organisation internationale du travail et Organisation des Nations unies pour l&rsquo;\u00e9ducation, la science et la culture.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Kantis, H., Federico, J. &amp; ; Trajtenberg, L., 2014. <a href=\"https:\/\/publications.iadb.org\/handle\/11319\/4041\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Les entrepreneurs de classe moyenne et leurs entreprises<\/a> : Une vue r\u00e9gionale et une comparaison internationale. Dans : L&rsquo;esprit d&rsquo;entreprise en Am\u00e9rique latine. Washington : Banque interam\u00e9ricaine de d\u00e9veloppement.<\/p>\n<p>Mason, P. C. &amp; ; Brown, D. R., 2014. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oecd.org\/cfe\/leed\/Entrepreneurial-ecosystems.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ecosyst\u00e8mes entrepreneuriaux et entrepreneuriat ax\u00e9 sur la croissance<\/a>. Le programme LEED de l&rsquo;OCDE et le minist\u00e8re n\u00e9erlandais des affaires \u00e9conomiques.<\/p>\n<p>Observatorio Nacional del Emprendedor, 2015. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.one.inadem.gob.mx\/images\/ConstrucciongeneracionyAnalisisdeIndicadoresparamedirEcosistemaEmprendedorMxico.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Construction, g\u00e9n\u00e9ration et analyse d&rsquo;indicateurs pour l&rsquo;\u00e9tat et l&rsquo;\u00e9volution de l&rsquo;\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me de l&rsquo;entreprise<\/a>&#8230; s.l.:INADEM.<\/p>\n<p>Pahuja, Dr. Anurag. (2015). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/301659818_Introduction_to_Entrepreneurship\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Introduction \u00e0 l&rsquo;entrepreneuriat<\/a>. <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>S\u00e1nchez, M. &amp; ; Mart\u00ednez, P., 2017. <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/327869221_Metodologia_para_la_creacion_de_empresas_basadas_en_investigacion_y_desarrollo_tecnologico\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Metodolog\u00eda para la Creaci\u00f3n de Empresas Basadas en Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo Tecnol\u00f3gico<\/a>, <\/em>M\u00e9xico : Instituto Nacional del Emprendedor.<\/p>\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p>Stam, E. &amp; ; Spigel, B., 2016. Entrepreneurial Ecosystems, s.l. : \u00c9cole d&rsquo;\u00e9conomie d&rsquo;Utrecht.<\/p>\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 78\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 75\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\"> <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Qu&rsquo;est-ce que l&rsquo;esprit d&rsquo;entreprise ? \u00c9crit par This post is also available in: English Espa\u00f1ol Deutsch Italiano Portugu\u00eas Fran\u00e7ais \u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u7b80\u4f53\u4e2d\u6587 Nederlands polski Table des mati\u00e8res Facebook-f Youtube Instagram Linkedin D\u00e9finition de l&rsquo;esprit d&rsquo;entreprise En traduisant le terme \u00ab\u00a0entrepreneur\u00a0\u00bb du fran\u00e7ais, il signifie en fait \u00ab\u00a0go-entre\u00a0\u00bb et il a \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9 depuis le . 12th [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":78514,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[486,643],"tags":[532],"class_list":["post-75347","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-entrepreneuriat","category-ecosysteme-entrepreneurial","tag-entrepreneurship-ecosystem-improvement-fr"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/barrazacarlos.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75347","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/barrazacarlos.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/barrazacarlos.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/barrazacarlos.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/barrazacarlos.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=75347"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/barrazacarlos.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/75347\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/barrazacarlos.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/78514"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/barrazacarlos.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=75347"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/barrazacarlos.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=75347"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/barrazacarlos.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=75347"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}